Stars, those luminous celestial objects that pepper the night sky, have captivated human imagination for millennia. They have been the subjects of myths, poetry, and scientific exploration. Stars are immense spheres of hot, glowing gas that emit light and heat through the process of nuclear fusion in their cores. Stars come in a wide range of sizes, colors, and luminosities. They are classified based on their spectral characteristics, which include temperature, composition, and brightness. The temperature of a star determines its color, ranging from cool red stars to hot blue stars. The composition of stars varies, with hydrogen and helium being the most abundant elements. Stars also differ in brightness, which is measured in terms of apparent magnitude (how bright they appear from Earth) and absolute magnitude (their intrinsic brightness). Stars play a crucial role in the universe. They serve as the building blocks for galaxies and are responsible for the creation of heavy elements through nucleosynthesis. These elements are then dispersed into space when stars explode in supernovae, enriching the surrounding interstellar medium and providing the raw materials for the formation of new stars and planetary systems. From Earth, stars appear as tiny points of light due to their enormous distances. The nearest star to our solar system is Proxima Centauri, located approximately 4.24 light-years away. Many stars form clusters, where groups of stars are gravitationally bound together. Some stars, known as binary stars, orbit around a common center of mass, while others exist as solitary stars.